第 7 章 kableExtra包画图 | R语言图表可视化

7.1 生成html表格

dt <- mtcars[1:5, 1:6]

kable(dt, "html")

	mpg	cyl	disp	hp	drat	wt
Mazda RX4	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.620
Mazda RX4 Wag	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.875
Datsun 710	22.8	4	108	93	3.85	2.320
Hornet 4 Drive	21.4	6	258	110	3.08	3.215
Hornet Sportabout	18.7	8	360	175	3.15	3.440

7.2 渲染表格

# bootstrap是个开源的CSS库，可以用来很方便地美化HTML页面。
dt %>%
  kable("html") %>%
  kable_styling()

	mpg	cyl	disp	hp	drat	wt
Mazda RX4	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.620
Mazda RX4 Wag	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.875
Datsun 710	22.8	4	108	93	3.85	2.320
Hornet 4 Drive	21.4	6	258	110	3.08	3.215
Hornet Sportabout	18.7	8	360	175	3.15	3.440

其他风格
- striped
- bordered
- hover
- condensed
- responsive

# 给表格加上斑马纹和悬浮效果
kable(dt, "html") %>%
  kable_styling(bootstrap_options = c("striped", "hover"))

	mpg	cyl	disp	hp	drat	wt
Mazda RX4	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.620
Mazda RX4 Wag	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.875
Datsun 710	22.8	4	108	93	3.85	2.320
Hornet 4 Drive	21.4	6	258	110	3.08	3.215
Hornet Sportabout	18.7	8	360	175	3.15	3.440

# 让内容显得更紧凑
kable(dt, "html") %>%
  kable_styling(bootstrap_options = c("striped", "hover", "condensed"))

	mpg	cyl	disp	hp	drat	wt
Mazda RX4	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.620
Mazda RX4 Wag	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.875
Datsun 710	22.8	4	108	93	3.85	2.320
Hornet 4 Drive	21.4	6	258	110	3.08	3.215
Hornet Sportabout	18.7	8	360	175	3.15	3.440

# 让表格样式随屏幕宽度变化，更适合手机屏。
kable(dt, "html") %>%
  kable_styling(bootstrap_options = c("striped", "hover", "condensed", "responsive"))

	mpg	cyl	disp	hp	drat	wt
Mazda RX4	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.620
Mazda RX4 Wag	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.875
Datsun 710	22.8	4	108	93	3.85	2.320
Hornet 4 Drive	21.4	6	258	110	3.08	3.215
Hornet Sportabout	18.7	8	360	175	3.15	3.440

# 控制表格的宽度
kable(dt, "html") %>%
  kable_styling(bootstrap_options = "striped", full_width = F)

	mpg	cyl	disp	hp	drat	wt
Mazda RX4	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.620
Mazda RX4 Wag	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.875
Datsun 710	22.8	4	108	93	3.85	2.320
Hornet 4 Drive	21.4	6	258	110	3.08	3.215
Hornet Sportabout	18.7	8	360	175	3.15	3.440

7.3 搭配dplyr

library(dplyr)
mtcars[1:10, 1:2] %>%
  mutate(
    car = row.names(.),
    # You don't need format = "html" if you have ever defined options(knitr.table.format)
    mpg = cell_spec(mpg, "html", color = ifelse(mpg > 20, "red", "blue")),
    cyl = cell_spec(cyl, "html", color = "white", align = "c", angle = 45, 
                    background = factor(cyl, c(4, 6, 8), 
                                        c("#666666", "#999999", "#BBBBBB")))
  ) %>%
  select(car, mpg, cyl) %>%
  kable("html", escape = F) %>%
  kable_styling("striped", full_width = F)

	car	mpg	cyl
Mazda RX4	Mazda RX4	21	6
Mazda RX4 Wag	Mazda RX4 Wag	21	6
Datsun 710	Datsun 710	22.8	4
Hornet 4 Drive	Hornet 4 Drive	21.4	6
Hornet Sportabout	Hornet Sportabout	18.7	8
Valiant	Valiant	18.1	6
Duster 360	Duster 360	14.3	8
Merc 240D	Merc 240D	24.4	4
Merc 230	Merc 230	22.8	4
Merc 280	Merc 280	19.2	6

7.4 搭配formattable

library(formattable)
mtcars[1:5, 1:4] %>%
  mutate(
    car = row.names(.),
    mpg = color_tile("white", "orange")(mpg),
    cyl = cell_spec(cyl, "html", angle = (1:5)*60, 
                    background = "red", color = "white", align = "center"),
    disp = ifelse(disp > 200,
                  cell_spec(disp, "html", color = "red", bold = T),
                  cell_spec(disp, "html", color = "green", italic = T)),
    hp = color_bar("lightgreen")(hp)
  ) %>%
  select(car, everything()) %>%
  kable("html", escape = F) %>%
  kable_styling("hover", full_width = F) %>%
  column_spec(5, width = "3cm") %>%
  add_header_above(c(" ", "Hello" = 2, "World" = 3))

	Hello		World
	car	mpg	cyl	disp	hp
Mazda RX4	Mazda RX4	21.0	6	160	110
Mazda RX4 Wag	Mazda RX4 Wag	21.0	6	160	110
Datsun 710	Datsun 710	22.8	4	108	93
Hornet 4 Drive	Hornet 4 Drive	21.4	6	258	110
Hornet Sportabout	Hornet Sportabout	18.7	8	360	175

7.5 列组

kable(dt, "html") %>%
  kable_styling("striped") %>%
  add_header_above(c(" " = 1, "Group 1" = 2, "Group 2" = 2, "Group 3" = 2))

	Group 1		Group 2		Group 3
	mpg	cyl	disp	hp	drat	wt
Mazda RX4	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.620
Mazda RX4 Wag	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.875
Datsun 710	22.8	4	108	93	3.85	2.320
Hornet 4 Drive	21.4	6	258	110	3.08	3.215
Hornet Sportabout	18.7	8	360	175	3.15	3.440

kable(dt, "html") %>%
  kable_styling(c("striped", "bordered")) %>%
  add_header_above(c(" ", "Group 1" = 2, "Group 2" = 2, "Group 3" = 2)) %>%
  add_header_above(c(" ", "Group 4" = 4, "Group 5" = 2)) %>%
  add_header_above(c(" ", "Group 6" = 6))

	Group 6
	Group 4				Group 5
	Group 1		Group 2		Group 3
	mpg	cyl	disp	hp	drat	wt
Mazda RX4	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.620
Mazda RX4 Wag	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.875
Datsun 710	22.8	4	108	93	3.85	2.320
Hornet 4 Drive	21.4	6	258	110	3.08	3.215
Hornet Sportabout	18.7	8	360	175	3.15	3.440

7.6 行组

kable(mtcars[1:10, 1:6], "html", caption = "Group Rows") %>%
  kable_styling("striped", full_width = F) %>%
  group_rows(index = c(" " = 3, "Group 1" = 4, "Group 2" = 3))

表 7.1: Group Rows
	mpg	cyl	disp	hp	drat	wt
Mazda RX4	21.0	6	160.0	110	3.90	2.620
Mazda RX4 Wag	21.0	6	160.0	110	3.90	2.875
Datsun 710	22.8	4	108.0	93	3.85	2.320
Group 1
Hornet 4 Drive	21.4	6	258.0	110	3.08	3.215
Hornet Sportabout	18.7	8	360.0	175	3.15	3.440
Valiant	18.1	6	225.0	105	2.76	3.460
Duster 360	14.3	8	360.0	245	3.21	3.570
Group 2
Merc 240D	24.4	4	146.7	62	3.69	3.190
Merc 230	22.8	4	140.8	95	3.92	3.150
Merc 280	19.2	6	167.6	123	3.92	3.440

kable(dt, "html") %>%
  kable_styling("striped", full_width = F) %>%
  group_rows("Group 1", 3, 5, label_row_css = "background: repeating-linear-gradient(45deg, #d9230f, #d9230f 10px, #f96352 10px, #f96352 20px); color: #fff;")

	mpg	cyl	disp	hp	drat	wt
Mazda RX4	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.620
Mazda RX4 Wag	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.875
Group 1
Datsun 710	22.8	4	108	93	3.85	2.320
Hornet 4 Drive	21.4	6	258	110	3.08	3.215
Hornet Sportabout	18.7	8	360	175	3.15	3.440

# 行的缩进
kable(dt, "html") %>%
  kable_styling("striped", full_width = F) %>%
  add_indent(c(1, 3, 5))

	mpg	cyl	disp	hp	drat	wt
Mazda RX4	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.620
Mazda RX4 Wag	21.0	6	160	110	3.90	2.875
Datsun 710	22.8	4	108	93	3.85	2.320
Hornet 4 Drive	21.4	6	258	110	3.08	3.215
Hornet Sportabout	18.7	8	360	175	3.15	3.440

# 合并行
collapse_rows_dt <- data.frame(C1 = c(rep("a", 10), rep("b", 5)),
                               C2 = c(rep("c", 7), rep("d", 3), rep("c", 2), rep("d", 3)),
                               C3 = 1:15,
                               C4 = sample(c(0,1), 15, replace = TRUE))
kable(collapse_rows_dt, "html", align = "c") %>%
  kable_styling(full_width = F) %>%
  column_spec(1, bold = T) %>%
  collapse_rows(columns = 1:2)

C1	C2	C3	C4
a	c	1	1
a	c	2	0
a	c	3	0
a	c	4	1
a	c	5	0
a	c	6	0
a	c	7	0
a	d	8	1
a	d	9	0
a	d	10	1
b	c	11	1
b	c	12	1
b	d	13	1
b	d	14	1
b	d	15	0

7.7 保存HTML表格

kable(mtcars) %>%
  kable_styling() %>%
  save_kable(file = "tables/table1.html", self_contained = T)

C1	C2	C3	C4
a	c	1	1
a	c	2	0
a	c	3	0
a	c	4	1
a	c	5	0
a	c	6	0
a	c	7	0
a	d	8	1
a	d	9	0
a	d	10	1
b	c	11	1
b	c	12	1
b	d	13	1
b	d	14	1
b	d	15	0

C1	C2	C3	C4
a	c	1	1
a	c	2	0
a	c	3	0
a	c	4	1
a	c	5	0
a	c	6	0
a	c	7	0
a	d	8	1
a	d	9	0
a	d	10	1
b	c	11	1
b	c	12	1
b	d	13	1
b	d	14	1
b	d	15	0

C1	C2	C3	C4
a	c	1	1
a	c	2	0
a	c	3	0
a	c	4	1
a	c	5	0
a	c	6	0
a	c	7	0
a	d	8	1
a	d	9	0
a	d	10	1
b	c	11	1
b	c	12	1
b	d	13	1
b	d	14	1
b	d	15	0